See information here. Here are some links to see the wool fiber under a microscope I used to have a small microscope I took to classes I taught to show students wool, cotton, alpaca, etc. I've been experimenting with making felt using the printed colors of our Labrador thick-thin spun yarn and Iceland smooth spun soft wool and the interesting patterning and texture of the surface of printed colors adds an additional fun aspect to felting.
With both Labrador and Iceland being bulky you can knit up the piece for felting quickly on size 15 needles. Above knit on 15s in garter using Labrador wool stitch using color Picnic with a little stripe of solid color fuchsia Iceland 6" x 5. Since they were not felted as much as I wanted, I put them in the dryer with the towels and took them out when the towels were about half dry min. SEE also photos of Iceland felted with Blippity yarn here.
As someone who has taught spinning and fiber classes since I have always explained felting this way: Wool fibers have tiny microscopic scales along their surface. If individual fibers come up, the cloth is not through the felting stage. If they hold onto the fabric around them so that the whole fabric picks up as one unit, it is ready.
Once a uniform surface has been reached, the actual work begins, characterized by strength, perseverance, and the determination to work the workpiece until the felt is actually finished — and this sometimes takes several hours depending on the size of the object!
The purpose is to make the object tougher. If used without fulling, the object will likely pill and shed fiber until it falls apart. Fulling refers to the use of heat, moisture and extreme agitation to make a wool fabric shrink and therefore become stronger and warmer. This fabric can be made by felting, by knitting, by weaving, by crocheting, by knotless netting, or any textile construction technique that can use wool fiber or yarn to create it.
When fulling is being done, the fibers continue to move we call this migrate and entangle on each other. I do almost all of my fulling on our rubber matts , kitchen sink or washing machine. Anyone who has ever washed a wool sweater or woolen sock too warm in the washing machine knows the principle: The knitted fabric is matted and it no longer fits — it shrank. The same thing happens with our wool during the felting process. It depends on the quality of the wool, the thickness of the wool, and the felting technique.
In order to be on the safe side, a test piece can be made. Using the same wool quality and laid out in the same thickness as for the actual object you are planning on making.
If you measure the test piece before and after felting, you can calculate how much larger the shape has to be laid out inorder to reach the desired size. So what really happens is you have to be courageous. Just try it out. You will only be richer in experience in the end. Experiment with different wool qualities, with the laying out of the wool and different felting techniques.
It is, however, quite possible that your first pair of shoes that you fancied for yourself is more appropriate for son or your father-in-law. I'm Jenn! We are still grounding after an international move from Germany. This is not an understatement, an international move is WAY different than a normal move, but that is a whole different story!
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These fibers are then cleaned and carded the process of breaking up unorganized clumps of fiber and realigning them. The result is what we call wool roving. Now here's where each textile goes its separate way. Wool Felt is a non-woven textile. There is no thread or weaving involved in production.
It originates as wool roving and by adding heat, moisture and agitation, the roving compacts and matts together tightly to form what we refer to as pure wool felt. Wool felt blends are also made using the process described above but with a combination of wool fibers and those from another material.
The most common combination is wool and rayon, a non-synthetic man-made fiber derived from wood pulp. Rayon's properties are similar to those of cotton and linen, making it an excellent choice for wool blends. Felted Wool is a woven textile. There is thread and weaving involved. Like wool felt, it originates as wool roving, but the roving is spun into thread after being cleaned and carded.
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