Once a patient reaches stage two, the infection has spread to the bone and begins its bone-destroying process. The bacteria evolves and becomes more aggressive, which is what causes the additional bone loss.
Simple oral hygiene will no longer cut it. Signs include increased swelling or redness of the gums, bad breath, bleeding during brushing or flossing, and probing depths that are between four and five millimeters. Like slight periodontal disease, the third stage of periodontal disease cannot be reversed.
At stage three, the same symptoms as stage two occur but probing depths are greater at six to seven millimeters which allows for even more bacteria to attack, not only your bones, but. Treatment for stage two and stage three periodontal disease consists of scaling and root planing. Scaling and root planing are forms of deep cleaning that remove the deposits of bacteria that are deeply rooted in your gums.
If left untreated, these stages can progress to bone and tooth loss, gum sensitivity, increased bleeding, and the shifting of teeth. The final stage of periodontal disease occurs when the infection deepens even further and the bacteria, once again, evolves into disease-causing bacteria.
In addition to bone loss, advanced periodontal disease causes red, swollen gums that ooze pus, cold sensitivity, further loosening of teeth, painful chewing, and severe halitosis. This stage requires periodontal surgery or periodontal laser therapy in order to clean the deep bacteria-filled pockets that have formed. If left untreated, stage four periodontal disease leads to spacing or gaps between the teeth, gum recession, patients needing dentures, and other overall health problems that can be serious.
Treating periodontal disease quickly is of the utmost importance. What Is Periodontal Disease? Causes of Periodontal Disease Causes of periodontal disease all boil down to bacteria. Stages of Periodontal Disease Periodontal disease is broken up into four separate stages: gingivitis, slight periodontal disease, moderate periodontal disease, and advanced periodontal disease.
Gingivitis Gingivitis is the only stage of periodontal disease that is reversible as it has not yet had time to attack the bones. Slight Periodontal Disease Slight periodontal disease is the second stage of periodontal disease. Moderate Periodontal Disease Like slight periodontal disease, the third stage of periodontal disease cannot be reversed. At stage three, the same symptoms as stage two occur but probing depths are greater at six to seven millimeters which allows for even more bacteria to attack, not only your bones, but your blood stream and immune system as well.
The National Institutes of Health warned that if it is not removed, plaque can turn into tartar, a hard deposit at the base of the tooth. Both plaque and tartar inflame gums and produce bacteria and toxins that cause gums to get infected with gingivitis. Furthermore, there is a hormonal component to gingivitis, as changes in hormones can cause greater gum sensitivity. For this reason, pregnant women sometimes get gingivitis and the disease often develops during puberty or young adulthood.
Healthy gums are characterized by pale pink color and firmness. Because gingivitis is usually not painful, many people do not realize that it is present or that they have a problem. The best way to prevent gingivitis is to practice good oral hygiene. The NIH recommends brushing teeth twice a day and flossing at least once a day. Teeth should be professionally cleaned by a dentist every six months. The NIH also noted that if symptoms are especially bad, dentists may recommend brushing and flossing after every meal and before bed.
They may also recommend plaque-removal devices, such as special toothbrushes, toothpicks and water irrigation tools. Prescribed anti-plaque and anti-tartar toothpastes and rinses can also help.
The dentist will also discuss fixing misaligned teeth or poorly fitting fillings, crowns or bridges. If gingivitis is not treated, it may lead to periodontitis — a much more serious disease, warned the NIH. Periodontitis can lead to the destruction of gums, mouth bones, tissue, and teeth. It is the number one cause of tooth loss in adults, according to the NIH.
If stress is the cause, find a way to relax. Meditation, counseling and exercise can help reduce stress and anxiety and the likelihood that you will grind your teeth. Gingivitis is the earliest stage of gum disease , an infection of the tissues around your teeth caused by plaque.
If you have gingivitis, your gums may become red, swollen and bleed easily. You may also experience bad breath. Because gum disease is usually painless, you may not know you have it.
You are more likely to develop gum disease if you skip brushing and flossing , use tobacco , have crooked teeth that are hard to keep clean, are pregnant , have diabetes or take certain medications.
When in its early stages, the disease is still reversible and your gums can be returned to good health with a professional cleaning from your dentist, along with daily brushing and flossing. Periodontitis is the more advanced form of gum disease , a major cause of tooth loss in adults.
According to the CDC , nearly half of U. The disease can be reversed in early stages, but damage may be permanent the longer it goes untreated. Although you may not be aware of the gum disease in your mouth, abscesses can develop which usually painful. Symptoms include bleeding , swollen gums, persistent bad breath or bad taste, loose permanent teeth and a change in bite.
Your teeth may appear to become longer as gums and bone recede. There are many treatments available, including deep cleanings known as scaling and root planing. Thrush is a yeast infection that looks like white film in your mouth. People with untreated or uncontrolled diabetes are also susceptible because sugar in saliva encourages yeast to grow.
Thrush is also common in people who wear dentures. If you have symptoms, see your dentist.
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